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Perpend stone
Perpend stone (parpen, parpend, perpin, and other spellings),〔"Parpen, parpend" def. 1. ''Oxford English Dictionary'' Second Edition on CD-ROM (v. 4.0) © Oxford University Press 2009〕 bond stone, or tie stone is a structural element building term used by stonemasons and brick masons. Perpend is also a piece in brickwork also called a ''cross joint'' or when extending through the entire wall a ''transverse joint''〔Richard, H. W.. ''Bricklaying and Brickcutting'',. London: Longmans, Green, and co., 1901. 4. Print.〕 or perpend bond.〔Phillipps, Alfred Edward, ed.. ''Masonry construction; a guide to approved American practice in the selection of building stone, brick, cement, and other masonry materials, and in all branches of the art of masonry construction''. Chicago: American school of correspondence, 1908. 64. Print.〕
Usually stone walls are built with two layers of stone, an inner and an outer layer, with the space between them sometimes filled with rubble. A perpend stone is a longer stone that extended through the entire wall's width, from the outer wall to inner wall, which serves to lock the two wall layers structurally together.
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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